Quality Score
Quality Score is a variable used by Google[1], Yahoo![2] (called Quality Index), and MSN [3] that can influence both the rank and cost per click (CPC) of ads.
To determine the order in which ads are listed, each ad has the following formula run against it: bid * Quality Score. Ads are then listed in descending order based on the result of that equation. The exact weight of Quality Score versus bid has not been revealed by any of the major search engines, and each company has stated that they reserve the right to continually adjust their ranking methodologies.
In late 2008, Google revealed that Quality Score was used to determine which ads it would show above organic results, and that a high quality score could actually cause ads to jump over ads with lower quality scores that would otherwise not merit that prominent placement.[4]
Purpose Behind Quality Score
The major search engines have each independently implemented efforts to maintain and improve the quality of ads listed on their sites. The primary reason for this is to improve the experience of users who click on sponsored links. It is reasonable to assume that users who have a great experience when clicking on ads will click on them more frequently, thus increasing advertising revenues for the search engine.
In addition, Google chose to introduce variable minimum bids at the same time as it introduced Quality-Based Bidding. On the surface, this new feature allowed advertisers to bid as little as $0.01 to have their ad shown. However, in some cases advertisers found their minimum bids for some ads were raised to as high as $5.00 or $10.00. By implementing variable minimum bids Google created a mechanism whereby the company could set different minimums for different advertisers for the same keyword, and potentially increase the average minimum bid without the advertising community as a whole being made aware. Furthermore, by raising minimums bids, Google could test each advertiser's ability to pay these increases, thus increasing competitiveness within the auctions and extracting maximum revenue from each advertiser.
Factors in Determining Quality Score
There are a number of factors that determine the Quality Score of a given ad. While each search engine has released directional information on the factors most important to them, presumably in an effort to guide their advertisers towards making better ads, none has revealed their formulas in detail. Below is a summary of what has been released.
Click-Through Rate
All three search engines have revealed that a major factor - the most important factor to Google[5] - in their respective Quality Score formulas is the historical click-through rate (CTR) of the keyword and matched ad. In fact, prior to its introduction of Quality Score in July 2005[6], Google determined ad rank by running the following formula against each ad and sorting them in descending order: bid * CTR.
In addition to the CTR of the keyword and matched ad itself, Google takes into account the overall historic CTR of the entire AdWords account as well as the historic CTR of the display URLs in the ad group.
Ad Copy Relevance
All three search engines have revealed that the relevance of the ad copy to the keyword is a factor in determining Quality Score. Therefore, it can be assumed that ads with ad copy that contains the keyword will have a higher Quality Score than ads with ad copy that does not contain the keyword.
Landing Page Quality
All three search engines have revealed that landing page quality is a factor in determining Quality Score. Landing page quality generally refers to whether or not the page contains relevant and original content and the navigability of the site.[7] In the case of MSN, they have revealed that ads with landing pages that don't contain the keyword may be declined altogether.
Landing Page Load Time
In June 2008 Google revealed that landing page load time impacts Quality Score.[8]
Geographical Considerations
Google has revealed that the accounts performance in the geographical region where the ad will be shown impacts Quality Score.
Other Factors
All three search engines have revealed that other factors are taken into consideration when calculating Quality Score. In particular, changes in terms of use in Google Analytics have fed speculation in the search engine marketing (SEM) community that Google is using on-site conversion data in its Quality Score formula.
See also
- Google (Google AdWords)
- MSN/Live Search (Microsoft adCenter)
- Yahoo! (Yahoo! Search Marketing)
Related concepts
References
- ↑ What is 'Quality Score' and how is it calculated? Google AdWords Help, Accessed February 22 2009
- ↑ What is the quality index? Yahoo! Search Marketing Help, Accessed February 22 2009
- ↑ adCenter Quality-Based Ranking? adCenter Blog, Accessed February 22 2009
- ↑ Inside AdWords: Improvements to Ads Quality Official AdWords Blog, Accessed February 23 2009
- ↑ Inside AdWords: Improvements to Ads Quality Official AdWords Blog, Accessed February 23 2009
- ↑ Inside AdWords: Quality Score improvements Official AdWords Blog, Accessed February 23 2009
- ↑ How do I create a high quality landing page? AdWords Help, Accessed February 23 2009
- ↑ Inside AdWords: Landing page load time now affects keywords' Quality Scores Official AdWords Blog, Accessed February 23 2009
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